The Sitcanxu


The Sitcanxu, Bois Brules or Burned Thighs, are divided locally into (1)

Qeyata-witcaca (Heyata wicasa), People-away-from-the-river, the Highland

or Upper Brule, and (2) the Kud (Kuta or Kunta)-witcaca, the Lowland or

Lower Brule. The Sitcanxu are divided socially into gentes, of which the

number has increased in recent years. The following names of their gentes

were given to the author in 1880 by Tatanka-wakan, Mysterious
/> Buffalo-bull: 1, Iyak'oza (Iyakoza), Lump (or wart)-on-a-horse's-leg. 2,

Tcoka-towela (Coka-towela), Blue-spot-in-the-middle. 3, Ciyo-tanka

(Siyo-tanka), Large grouse or prairie chicken. 4, Ho-mna, Fish-smellers.

5, Ciyo-subula (Siyo-subula), Sharp-tail grouse. 6, Kanxi-yuha

(Kangi-yuha), Raven keepers. 7, Pispiza-witcaca (Pispiza-wicasa),

Prairie-dog people. 8, Walexa-un-wohan (Walega un wohan),

Boil-food-with-the-paunch-skin (walega). 9, Watceunpa (Waceunpa),

Roasters. 10, Cawala (Sawala), Shawnee; the descendants of a Shawnee chief

adopted into the tribe. 11, Ihanktonwan (Ihanktonwan), Yankton, so called

from their mothers, Yankton women; not an original Sitcanxu gens. 12,

Naqpaqpa (Nahpahpa), Take-down (their)-leggings (after returning from

war). 13, Apewan-tanka (Apewan tanka), Big manes (of horses).



In 1884 Reverend W.J. Cleveland sent the author the accompanying diagram

(figure 32) and the following list of Sitcanxu gentes, containing names

which he said were of very recent origin; 1, Sitcanxu proper. 2, Kak'exa

(Kakega),Making-a-grating-sound. 3a, Hinhan-cun-wapa (Hinhan-sun-wapa),

Toward-the-owl-feather. 3b, Cunikaha-napin (Sunkaha napin),

Wears-a-dogskin-around-the-neek, 4, Hi-ha kanhanhan win (Hi-ha kanhanhan

win), Woman (win) -the-skin (ha) -of-whose-teeth (hi) -dangles

(kanhanhan). 5, Hunku-wanitca (Hunku-wanica), Without-a-mother. 6,

Miniskuya-kitc'un (Miniskuya kicun), Wears salt. 7a, Kiyuksa,

Breaks-or-cuts-in-two-his-own (custom, etc; probably referring to the

marriage law; see Mdewakantonwan gens number 1). 7b, Ti-glabu,

Drums-iu-his-own-lodge. 8, Watceunpa (Waceunpa), Boasters. 9, Wagluqe

(Wagluhe), Followers, commonly called loafers; A.L. Riggs thinks the word

means in-breeders. 10, Isanyati (Isanyati), Santee (probably derived

from the Mdewakantonwan). 11, Wagmeza-yuha, Has corn. 12a, Walexa-on-wohan

(Walega-on-wohan), Boils-with-the-paunch-skin. 12b, Waqna (Wahna), Snorts.

13, Oglala-itc'itcaxa (Oglala-icicaga), Makes-himself-an-Oglala. 14,

Tiyotcesli (Tiyocesli), Dungs-in-the-lodge. 15, Wajaja (Wazaza), Osage

(?). 16, Ieska-tcintca (Ieska-cinca), Interpreter's sons; half-bloods.

17, Ohe-nonpa (Ohe-nonpa), Two boilings or kettles. 18, Okaxa-witcaca

(Okaga-wicasa), Man-of-the-south.



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